Table 7-2

Bulk Density, Expansion Factor, and Related Measures

A.  Effect of Species and Type of Source Mill on Chips
  
         
- - - - - - - - - - - -Bulk Density- - - - - -  - - - -
        
    Composition (%)    
lb/ft3
kg/m3
  
Relative  Solid Volume
Expansion
 Factor
  
   
   
 
 
Species
Source
OD  solid   MCw
Wood
SGg
loose
compacted
loose
compacted
Compaction
Ratio1
loose
compacted
loose
compacted
  
 

Douglas-fir

sawmills

    53            47

.40

OD

8.3

10.5

133

168

1.26

.33

.42

3.01

2.38

  
       

Wet

15.7

19.8

251

317
 
 

veneer and

   
 
 

   plywood

    56            44

.40

OD

7.9

10.0

127

160

1.26

.31

.40

3.15

2.50

  
       

Wet

14.1

17.9

227

286
 
 

planer

    
 
 

   mills

    78            22

NA

OD

8.4

10.7

134

171

1.28

.33

.43

2.99

2.34

  
       

Wet

10.8

13.7

176

219
 
       
 

Western

sawmills

    49            51

.38

OD

7.8

9.9

125

158

1.26

.33

.42

3.04

2.40

  

    hemlock

  

   

Wet

15.9

20.2

255

322
 
       
 
 

veneer and

    
 
 

   plywood

    52            48

.36

OD

7.9

9.7

127

156

1.23

.35

.43

2.83

2.31

  
       

Wet

15.2

18.7

244

300
 
       
 
 

planer

    
 
 

   mills

    80            20

NA

OD

8.9

11.4

142

182

1.28

.38

.49

2.60

2.03

  
       

Wet

11.1

14.2

178

228
 
       
 

Western

sawmills

    50            50

.30

OD

6.6

8.1

105

130

1.24

.35

.43

2.86

2.31

  

   red cedar

      

Wet

13.2

16.2

210

260
 
       
 
 

shake mills

    48            52

.29

OD

6.0

8.1

96

129

1.34

.33

.44

3.02

2.25

  
       

Wet

12.5

16.9

200

269
 
       
 

Red Alder

yard chipper

    51            49

.37

OD

8.4

10.4

134

167

1.25

.36

.45

2.76

2.22

  
       

Wet

16.5

20.4

262

327
 
                             

1  =  compacted bulk density / loose bulk density

"Wet" bulk densities are calculated at the indicated moisture contents.

Source:  Weyerhaeuser Company,  Source Characterization Summary, 1979, Unpublished Report

 

Table 7-2.  Bulk Density, Expansion Factor, and Related Measures  (Continued)

B.  Effects of Residue Type

- - - - - - - - - - - -Bulk Density- - - - - -  - - - -
Composition (%)
lb/ft3
kg/m3
Relative  Solid Volume
Expansion
Factor
Wood
SGg
compaction
ratioa
Residue Type
OD  wood   MCw
loose
compacted
loose
compacted
loose
compacted
loose
compacted
Hogged Fuel
55
45
NA
OD
9.1

11.9

146

190

1.30

.31

.40

3.22

2.50
(51% bark)
Wetb

16.5

20.9

265

345

Hogged Plywood          Trim   

93

7

NA

OD

8.6

11.2

137

179

1.31

.32

.43

3.12

2.33

  

Wet

9.2

12.0

147

192

Flakes
55

45

NA

OD

5.3

7.2

85

115

1.35

.24

.33

4.16

3.03

Wet

9.6

13.1

155

209

"Green" Shrimp
66

34

NA

OD

3.9

5.4

63

86

1.37

.16

.22

6.25

4.55

  

Wet

5.9

8.2

95

130

"Dry" Shavings   Shavings
91

9

NA

OD

8.7

11.1

140

178

1.27

.31

.41

3.22

2.44

     

Wet

9.6

12.2

154

196

Sawdust and   Sawdust/  Shavings Mix
54

46

 

NA

OD

8.7

11.0

139

177

1.27

.31

.40

3.22

2.50

Wet

16.1

20.4

257

328

Screen  fines
52

48

NA

OD

8.2

10.4

1323

166

1.26

.29

.37

3.45

2.70

   

Wet

15.8

19.9

254

319

  

Sander dust
94

6

NA

OD

15.5

20.3

248

325

1.31

.58

.76

1.72

1.32

   

Wet

16.5

21.6

264

346
 

Source:  Weyerhaeuser Company,  Source Characterization Summary, 1979, Unpublished Report
acompacted bulk density / loose bulk density
b"Wet" bulk densities are calculated at the indicated moisture contents.